What is psoriasis: causes, symptoms and treatment

Psoriasis is a chronic non-communicable disease of the skin, accompanied by the emergence of a red-pink rash and peeling of the skin.

The term psoriasis is derived from the Greek word psoriasis, which means in translation, itching or itching of the skin. It is precisely these symptoms that are more vivid are characteristic of this non-communicable dermatological problem. In this dermatosis, the division of the skin cells occurs approximately thirty times faster. Because they do not have the time to come to maturity, intercellular contacts lost. This leads to the formation of the characteristic scales. In the pathological process involved and the immune system of the body: the elements of security that are directed against your own cells, which causes a chronic inflammation in the foyer of the defeat. We describe in more detail the question of what is psoriasis and how to treat it.

the disease of psoriasis

Types of psoriasis

There are a large number of classifications of psoriasis, based on the severity of the condition, the nature of the rash, the location of the lesion, etc., the more Often there are the types of the disease:

  1. Uneven (vulgar) represents the largest portion of all types of psoriasis. It is characterized by the appearance of traditional plates covered with white and grey scales.
  2. Guttate psoriasis is the second of the prevalence and diagnosed in a patient on ten. Appear numerous and very small eruptions with scales on the surface of the body.
  3. Pustular variant is characterized by the formation of pustules.
  4. In the palmo-plantar psoriasis elements on areas of the skin.
  5. Pericardial option is different than the flakes of impregnated yellowish liquid that oozes out of the body. Thanks to this, they have the air coalescat and change color.
  6. Erythroderma is a severe form of the disease, because it affects almost the entire surface of the skin and produce systemic reactions (fever, swollen lymph nodes, of the violation of the composition of the blood).
  7. Psoriatic arthritis is characterized by lesions of the joints.

Phases of a disease process give off progressive, stable and retrogressive scaly ringworm.

The symptoms of psoriasis

Most often when the development of psoriasis on the surface of the skin spots appear, covered by greyish white or white with scales, which can be easily separated to the touch. It is with this sign is another name of the disease – flakes of ringworm.

The location of the lesions

Generally, changes of skin, which lies on the sides of the extension (elbows, knees) of the large joints. Location is on the edge of the scalp, and space, which are constantly exposed to injury or friction. However, this feature may not be considered as a diagnostic criterion, as in the atypical forms of the sequins by depriving them of trafficking the other of the surface of the skin.

Characteristics of platelets

The dimensions of the rash may be different. The primary elements considered as small papules bright red or brown in color. With time, their size increases considerably, they tend to merge. In 90% of cases, the signs of psoriasis include the teaching of standard plates, which are characterized by a triad of:

  1. Stearic is characterized by an easy task radi grey-white scales, resembling in appearance, shavings of candle.
  2. If you continue to scratch the surface of the wafer, after the removal of all the scales will manifest itself thin white film, more known under the name of terminal.
  3. The symptom of blood clot dew, you can identify when you delete a movie the terminal. In the event of damage to the papillae of the skin are not cause excessive bleeding and drip.

There are a few identifiable signs of the disease:

  1. The symptom Kebnera lies in the fact that the psoriatic rashes appear in areas subjected to injuries (chafing, scratches, etc). It is typical for the stages of the disease.
  2. The symptom of the Municipality is characterized by the formation of the paleness of her design around the newly formed papules, is not yet covered with scales. It is a kind of vascular reaction of the body and lead to further progression of the disease.

These symptoms of psoriasis can often be used to distinguish the disease from other skin diseases similar to that of the flow.

the disease symptoms of psoriasis

Other symptoms

Outside of the skin, psoriasis affecting the nails, hair, as well as the joints and internal organs. The changes on the nail plate starts with the foundation and are characterized by subungual hyperkeratosis. In the following, the surface acquires transverse ridges, and form impressions (a symptom of dice). Psoriatic arthritis begins with the defeat of the small joints, accompanied by painful sensations and inflammatory phenomena.

Also for glitter, by depriving them of the characteristic itching of the skin. The result of which form the scraping, the surface cracks and the tendency to bleeding. In places the trauma can multiply the pathogens, which will lead to the toothed wheel of the infection and the development of dermatitis.

The causes of psoriasis

Non-communicable nature of the disease has been installed in the 19th century. Since that time, continuously many studies in which we studied the causes of psoriasis. However, as for most of the systemic diseases, to find a single reason are not yet. There are several theories, each of which has the scientific proof:

  • The immune system has a theory, according to which the disease is the result of a series of malfunctions in the functioning of the immune system. It involves the development of an autoimmune reaction, in which in the thickness of the skin accumulates a large number of T-lymphocytes. This leads to chronic inflammation and thickening of the affected area. Confirms the theory by the fact that during the biopsy, the psa pad is possible to detect a high concentration of immune cells, as well as on the course of the disease greatly affects the use of immune drugs.
  • The hereditary factor is associated with pathology such as congenital genetic. Scientists have already installed several regions of DNA, a mutation that can occur in patients with scaly lichens. These genes are primarily responsible for the maturation of immune cells (T lymphocytes). Therefore, when they break the likelihood of psoriasis increases significantly. If the parents suffer from this disease of the skin, the risk of developing dermatitis in children are 50% more.
  • The genetic theory is similar to the hereditary, but in this case deals with the genes, a mutation can occur at any age.
  • Endocrine factor is confirmed by the fact that most of psoriasis patients changes of the endocrine organs (pituitary, pancreas, and thyroid). In addition, this category of patients is often present violation of the synthesis and the selection of the melatonin. Also in the course of the disease may have levels of sex hormones.
  • The stress and a strong shock can lead to the manifestation of the disease or the worsening of its symptoms. Thanks to the release into the blood of hormones it is running a series of biochemical reactions that lead to the emergence scaly eruption on the skin.
  • Exchange theory, based on the fact that scientists have identified lipids in patients with psoriasis. In addition, the worsening of the disease varies nitrous exchange and the rise in the general level of toxins in the body.

In fact, all the causes of psoriasis can be divided into two groups:

  • the violation of the division of the cells of the epidermis;
  • the change in the functioning of the immune system.

All of the external factors (environment, stress, trauma aggravating the course of the disease, but may not act as a single reason.

The quality of life of patients with psoriasis

With other chronic diseases, psoriasis is able to significantly deterioration of the quality of life of patients, who may experience both physical and psychological discomfort. It is often difficult to professional and social adaptation. Thus, expressed itching sometimes stop to rest, and the plates on the hands can limit effectiveness.

It is particularly difficult to migrated scaly rash on the scalp. This is related to the fact that these plates provoke in certain of rejection, because of this that patients become unsociable, it may even be the social phobia.

The stress due to the dissatisfaction of his own appearance, the constant pain, or itching, as well as immune violations quite often, which lead to mental health problems (anxiety, depression, social isolation). Only a quarter of patients with psoriasis does not experience psychological discomfort in the other patients of this disease is a serious obstacle to normal life.

Among the symptoms of psoriasis, which degrade the quality of life, the first place is itching of the skin, in the second position – articular pain in the psoriatic arthritis.

Methods of treatment of psoriasis

The understanding of what is psoriasis, we can better imagine the possible methods of treatment. As it is a chronic disease, it is healed completely. However, you can greatly facilitate the state of the patient, reducing clinical manifestations. The integrated approach of the therapy scaly acne is the use of drugs and physiotherapy techniques. There are also tips from people that help you solve the problem.

The medicines and remedies against psoriasis

In this disease, the most popular tools for outdoor applications. In their composition may include one or more components that prevent the excessive division of skin cells and soften and reduce itchiness of the skin. The drug names are different, but they most often contain the following substances:

  1. Glucocorticosteroids hormones that reduce inflammation and inhibit the reactivity of the immune system. When the local application of hormones were expressed less systemic impact. Enter in the composition of Elocom In advantan.
  2. Vitamin E is included in a large number of drugs for topical application. The largest of its efficacy for the treatment of psoriasis represented in combination with the ultraviolet rays.
  3. The tar is applied mainly for the treatment of homes located in the area of the scalp.
  4. Activated zinc quickly eliminates the redness and itching of the skin. This component is virtually harmless to the body.

Among the drugs used for systemic treatments of psoriasis exist:

the disease psoriasis treatment
  • corticosteroids, as they regulate the metabolism and eliminates the inflammation, but they have expressed a withdrawal syndrome;
  • cytostatics inhibit cell division of the epidermis, but also weaken the immune system and slow down the regeneration and other tissue;
  • immunomodulators contribute to the normalization of immune reactions, but their effectiveness is not fully understood;
  • non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce only the severity of the itching and inflammation, but does not affect the changes.

Vitamins and anti-allergic drugs are used in addition to the primary therapy. As there is not really an effective drug in the fight against psoriasis, it is prescribed in conjunction with physiotherapy procedures.

Physiotherapy

Among the most frequently used procedures for the treatment of systemic diseases, psoriasis, emit the following:

  1. Girudoterapiya, which uses leeches. It improves blood circulation and normalizes immune reactions.
  2. The fish-doctor, multiplicans in the spa resort of the source, helps the patients to clean the skin skin lesions. During a ichthyotherapy these fish literally eat the surface layers of plates on the skin, plunged into the water.
  3. Cryotherapy, in which the patient is placed to a few minutes in a device the temperature of the air -1300C. After the procedure is significantly reduced itching and are eliminated from the inflammation and swelling.
  4. PUVA therapy combines the therapy, and chemotherapy. After the introduction of the drug, which accumulates in cells with a high capacity of regeneration, the patient is irradiated by the light. The latter has a certain wavelength and contributes to the intensification of the photosensitizer. Therefore impossible to achieve the selectivity of the impact.

Sometimes, in the treatment of psoriasis is effective the application of homeopathic remedies or remedies.

Folk remedies for the treatment of psoriasis

In folk medicine, there are many recipes of funds, such as for local use, and for the consumption inside.

You can cook the cream and put on top of the plates. The most popular are the following recipes:

  1. Mix of celandine and in adipi (1:5), you get an effective tool.
  2. Crush the flowers the queen of the meadows viscosa and mix with vaseline (1:1). After that, heated to 900c and cooled. Store the ointment is not long, therefore, it is preferable to prepare small portions.
  3. Connect the lard, pine pitch and beeswax, and heat over low heat, stirring constantly. After that, add vitamin And pharmacy.
  4. Normal birch tar (25 g), vaseline (10 g), boric acid (5 g), honey (15 g), egg protein, fish oil (5 g) is very well mix and place in a dark place of the ability. Apply this cream should be only once in the day.
  5. The ointment devjasila contributes to the worsening of the disease.

The traditional medicine orally for the purpose of maintaining the immunity and reduce the inflammation and itching:

  1. Kvass from oats is prepared from 700 g of beans, three litres of water and five large spoons of sugar. All of this, it is necessary to insist on two days.
  2. An infusion of the leaf from the inside 100 ml
  3. To prepare an infusion of the buds of sophora, it is necessary to take 500 ml of vodka and 50 g of dry matter, and then put them on a month in a dark place. Take a teaspoon.
  4. A decoction of fennel seeds helps to eliminate the acute symptoms, and a few sleeping pills and calmed down.

The bath with the addition of copper sulphate is also used for the treatment of psoriasis.